(guile.info.gz) Lambda
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23.1 Lambda: Basic Procedure Creation
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A `lambda' expression evaluates to a procedure. The environment which
is in effect when a `lambda' expression is evaluated is enclosed in the
newly created procedure, this is referred to as a "closure" (
About Closure).
When a procedure created by `lambda' is called with some actual
arguments, the environment enclosed in the procedure is extended by
binding the variables named in the formal argument list to new locations
and storing the actual arguments into these locations. Then the body of
the `lambda' expression is evaluation sequentially. The result of the
last expression in the procedure body is then the result of the
procedure invocation.
The following examples will show how procedures can be created using
`lambda', and what you can do with these procedures.
(lambda (x) (+ x x)) => a procedure
((lambda (x) (+ x x)) 4) => 8
The fact that the environment in effect when creating a procedure is
enclosed in the procedure is shown with this example:
(define add4
(let ((x 4))
(lambda (y) (+ x y))))
(add4 6) => 10
-- syntax: lambda formals body
FORMALS should be a formal argument list as described in the
following table.
`(VARIABLE1 ...)'
The procedure takes a fixed number of arguments; when the
procedure is called, the arguments will be stored into the
newly created location for the formal variables.
`VARIABLE'
The procedure takes any number of arguments; when the
procedure is called, the sequence of actual arguments will
converted into a list and stored into the newly created
location for the formal variable.
`(VARIABLE1 ... VARIABLEN . VARIABLEN+1)'
If a space-delimited period precedes the last variable, then
the procedure takes N or more variables where N is the number
of formal arguments before the period. There must be at
least one argument before the period. The first N actual
arguments will be stored into the newly allocated locations
for the first N formal arguments and the sequence of the
remaining actual arguments is converted into a list and the
stored into the location for the last formal argument. If
there are exactly N actual arguments, the empty list is
stored into the location of the last formal argument.
BODY is a sequence of Scheme expressions which are evaluated in
order when the procedure is invoked.
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