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perltodo(1)





NAME

       perltodo - Perl TO-DO List


DESCRIPTION

       This is a list of wishes for Perl. The tasks we think are smaller or
       easier are listed first. Anyone is welcome to work on any of these, but
       it's a good idea to first contact perl5-porters@perl.org to avoid
       duplication of effort. By all means contact a pumpking privately first
       if you prefer.

       Whilst patches to make the list shorter are most welcome, ideas to add
       to the list are also encouraged. Check the perl5-porters archives for
       past ideas, and any discussion about them. One set of archives may be
       found at:

           http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl5-porters/

       What can we offer you in return? Fame, fortune, and everlasting glory?
       Maybe not, but if your patch is incorporated, then we'll add your name
       to the AUTHORS file, which ships in the official distribution. How many
       other programming languages offer you 1 line of immortality?


The roadmap to 5.10

       The roadmap to 5.10 envisages feature based releases, as various items
       in this TODO are completed.

       Needed for a 5.9.4 release

       o   Review assertions. Review syntax to combine assertions. Assertions
           could take advantage of the lexical pragmas work. "What hooks would
           assertions need?"

       Needed for a 5.9.5 release

       * Implement "_ prototype character"
       * Implement "state variables"

       Needed for a 5.9.6 release

       Stabilisation. If all goes well, this will be the equivalent of a
       5.10-beta.


Tasks that only need Perl knowledge

       common test code for timed bail out

       Write portable self destruct code for tests to stop them burning CPU in
       infinite loops. This needs to avoid using alarm, as some of the tests
       are testing alarm/sleep or timers.

       POD -> HTML conversion in the core still sucks

       Which is crazy given just how simple POD purports to be, and how simple
       HTML can be. It's not actually as simple as it sounds, particularly
       with the flexibility POD allows for "=item", but it would be good to
       improve the visual appeal of the HTML generated, and to avoid it having
       any validation errors. See also "make HTML install work", as the layout
       of installation tree is needed to improve the cross-linking.

       The addition of "Pod::Simple" and its related modules may make this
       task easier to complete.

       Parallel testing

       The core regression test suite is getting ever more comprehensive,
       which has the side effect that it takes longer to run. This isn't so
       good. Investigate whether it would be feasible to give the harness
       script the option of running sets of tests in parallel. This would be
       useful for tests in t/op/*.t and t/uni/*.t and maybe some sets of tests
       in lib/.

       Questions to answer

       1   How does screen layout work when you're running more than one test?

       2   How does the caller of test specify how many tests to run in paral-
           lel?

       3   How do setup/teardown tests identify themselves?

       Pugs already does parallel testing - can their approach be re-used?

       Make Schwern poorer

       We should have for everything. When all the core's modules are tested,
       Schwern has promised to donate to $500 to TPF. We may need volunteers
       to hold him upside down and shake vigorously in order to actually
       extract the cash.

       See t/lib/1_compile.t for the 3 remaining modules that need tests.

       Improve the coverage of the core tests

       Use Devel::Cover to ascertain the core's test coverage, then add tests
       that are currently missing.

       test B

       A full test suite for the B module would be nice.

       A decent benchmark

       "perlbench" seems impervious to any recent changes made to the perl
       core. It would be useful to have a reasonable general benchmarking
       suite that roughly represented what current perl programs do, and mea-
       surably reported whether tweaks to the core improve, degrade or don't
       really affect performance, to guide people attempting to optimise the
       guts of perl. Gisle would welcome new tests for perlbench.

       fix tainting bugs

       Fix the bugs revealed by running the test suite with the "-t" switch
       (via "make test.taintwarn").

       Dual life everything

       As part of the "dists" plan, anything that doesn't belong in the small-
       est perl distribution needs to be dual lifed. Anything else can be too.
       Figure out what changes would be needed to package that module and its
       tests up for CPAN, and do so. Test it with older perl releases, and fix
       the problems you find.

       Improving "threads::shared"

       Investigate whether "threads::shared" could share aggregates properly
       with only Perl level changes to shared.pm

       POSIX memory footprint

       Ilya observed that use POSIX; eats memory like there's no tomorrow, and
       at various times worked to cut it down. There is probably still fat to
       cut out - for example POSIX passes Exporter some very memory hungry
       data structures.


Tasks that need a little sysadmin-type knowledge

       Or if you prefer, tasks that you would learn from, and broaden your
       skills base...

       Relocatable perl

       The C level patches needed to create a relocatable perl binary are
       done, as is the work on Config.pm. All that's left to do is the "Con-
       figure" tweaking to let people specify how they want to do the install.

       make HTML install work

       There is an "installhtml" target in the Makefile. It's marked as
       "experimental". It would be good to get this tested, make it work reli-
       ably, and remove the "experimental" tag. This would include

       1   Checking that cross linking between various parts of the documenta-
           tion works.  In particular that links work between the modules
           (files with POD in lib/) and the core documentation (files in pod/)

       2   Work out how to split "perlfunc" into chunks, preferably one per
           function group, preferably with general case code that could be
           used elsewhere.  Challenges here are correctly identifying the
           groups of functions that go together, and making the right named
           external cross-links point to the right page. Things to be aware of
           are "-X", groups such as "getpwnam" to "endservent", two or more
           "=items" giving the different parameter lists, such as

               =item substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT

               =item substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH

               =item substr EXPR,OFFSET

           and different parameter lists having different meanings. (eg
           "select")

       compressed man pages

       Be able to install them. This would probably need a configure test to
       see how the system does compressed man pages (same directory/different
       directory?  same filename/different filename), as well as tweaking the
       installman script to compress as necessary.

       Add a code coverage target to the Makefile

       Make it easy for anyone to run Devel::Cover on the core's tests. The
       steps to do this manually are roughly

       o   do a normal "Configure", but include Devel::Cover as a module to
           install (see INSTALL for how to do this)

       o
               make perl

       o
               cd t; HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES=-MDevel::Cover ./perl -I../lib harness

       o   Process the resulting Devel::Cover database

       This just give you the coverage of the .pms. To also get the C level
       coverage you need to

       o   Additionally tell "Configure" to use the appropriate C compiler
           flags for "gcov"

       o
               make perl.gcov

           (instead of "make perl")

       o   After running the tests run "gcov" to generate all the .gcov files.
           (Including down in the subdirectories of ext/

       o   (From the top level perl directory) run "gcov2perl" on all the
           ".gcov" files to get their stats into the cover_db directory.

       o   Then process the Devel::Cover database

       It would be good to add a single switch to "Configure" to specify that
       you wanted to perform perl level coverage, and another to specify C
       level coverage, and have "Configure" and the Makefile do all the right
       things automatically.

       Make Config.pm cope with differences between build and installed perl

       Quite often vendors ship a perl binary compiled with their (pay-for)
       compilers.  People install a free compiler, such as gcc. To work out
       how to build extensions, Perl interrogates %Config, so in this situa-
       tion %Config describes compilers that aren't there, and extension
       building fails. This forces people into choosing between re-compiling
       perl themselves using the compiler they have, or only using modules
       that the vendor ships.

       It would be good to find a way teach "Config.pm" about the installation
       setup, possibly involving probing at install time or later, so that the
       %Config in a binary distribution better describes the installed
       machine, when the installed machine differs from the build machine in
       some significant way.

       make parallel builds work

       Currently parallel builds (such as "make -j3") don't work reliably. We
       believe that this is due to incomplete dependency specification in the
       Makefile.  It would be good if someone were able to track down the
       causes of these problems, so that parallel builds worked properly.

       linker specification files

       Some platforms mandate that you provide a list of a shared library's
       external symbols to the linker, so the core already has the infrastruc-
       ture in place to do this for generating shared perl libraries. My
       understanding is that the GNU toolchain can accept an optional linker
       specification file, and restrict visibility just to symbols declared in
       that file. It would be good to extend makedef.pl to support this for-
       mat, and to provide a means within "Configure" to enable it. This would
       allow Unix users to test that the export list is correct, and to build
       a perl that does not pollute the global namespace with private symbols.


Tasks that need a little C knowledge

       These tasks would need a little C knowledge, but don't need any spe-
       cific background or experience with XS, or how the Perl interpreter
       works

       Make it clear from -v if this is the exact official release

       Currently perl from "p4"/"rsync" ships with a patchlevel.h file that
       usually defines one local patch, of the form "MAINT12345" or "RC1". The
       output of perl -v doesn't report that a perl isn't an official release,
       and this information can get lost in bugs reports. Because of this, the
       minor version isn't bumped up until RC time, to minimise the possibil-
       ity of versions of perl escaping that believe themselves to be newer
       than they actually are.

       It would be useful to find an elegant way to have the "this is an
       interim maintenance release" or "this is a release candidate" in the
       terse -v output, and have it so that it's easy for the pumpking to
       remove this just as the release tarball is rolled up. This way the ver-
       sion pulled out of rsync would always say "I'm a development release"
       and it would be safe to bump the reported minor version as soon as a
       release ships, which would aid perl developers.

       This task is really about thinking of an elegant way to arrange the C
       source such that it's trivial for the Pumpking to flag "this is an
       official release" when making a tarball, yet leave the default source
       saying "I'm not the official release".

       Tidy up global variables

       There's a note in intrpvar.h

         /* These two variables are needed to preserve 5.8.x bincompat because
            we can't change function prototypes of two exported functions.
            Probably should be taken out of blead soon, and relevant prototypes
            changed.  */

       So doing this, and removing any of the unused variables still present
       would be good.

       Ordering of "global" variables.

       thrdvar.h and intrpvarh define the "global" variables that need to be
       per-thread under ithreads, where the variables are actually elements in
       a structure. As C dictates, the variables must be laid out in order of
       declaration. There is a comment "/* Important ones in the first cache
       line (if alignment is done right) */" which implies that at some point
       in the past the ordering was carefully chosen (at least in part). How-
       ever, it's clear that the ordering is less than perfect, as currently
       there are things such as 7 "bool"s in a row, then something typically
       requiring 4 byte alignment, and then an odd "bool" later on.  ("bool"s
       are typically defined as "char"s). So it would be good for someone to
       review the ordering of the variables, to see how much alignment padding
       can be removed.

       bincompat functions

       There are lots of functions which are retained for binary compatibil-
       ity.  Clean these up. Move them to mathom.c, and don't compile for
       blead?

       am I hot or not?

       The idea of pp_hot.c is that it contains the hot ops, the ops that are
       most commonly used. The idea is that by grouping them, their object
       code will be adjacent in the executable, so they have a greater chance
       of already being in the CPU cache (or swapped in) due to being near
       another op already in use.

       Except that it's not clear if these really are the most commonly used
       ops. So anyone feeling like exercising their skill with coverage and
       profiling tools might want to determine what ops really are the most
       commonly used. And in turn suggest evictions and promotions to achieve
       a better pp_hot.c.

       emulate the per-thread memory pool on Unix

       For Windows, ithreads allocates memory for each thread from a separate
       pool, which it discards at thread exit. It also checks that memory is
       free()d to the correct pool. Neither check is done on Unix, so code
       developed there won't be subject to such strictures, so can harbour
       bugs that only show up when the code reaches Windows.

       It would be good to be able to optionally emulate the Window pool sys-
       tem on Unix, to let developers who only have access to Unix, or want to
       use Unix-specific debugging tools, check for these problems. To do this
       would involve figuring out how the "PerlMem_*" macros wrap "malloc()"
       access, and providing a layer that records/checks the identity of the
       thread making the call, and recording all the memory allocated by each
       thread via this API so that it can be summarily free()d at thread exit.
       One implementation idea would be to increase the size of allocation,
       and store the "my_perl" pointer (to identify the thread) at the start,
       along with pointers to make a linked list of blocks for this thread. To
       avoid alignment problems it would be necessary to do something like

         union memory_header_padded {
           struct memory_header {
             void *thread_id;   /* For my_perl */
             void *next;        /* Pointer to next block for this thread */
           } data;
           long double padding; /* whatever type has maximal alignment constraint */
         };

       although "long double" might not be the only type to add to the padding
       union.

       reduce duplication in sv_setsv_flags

       "Perl_sv_setsv_flags" has a comment "/* There's a lot of redundancy
       below but we're going for speed here */"

       Whilst this was true 10 years ago, the growing disparity between RAM
       and CPU speeds mean that the trade offs have changed. In addition, the
       duplicate code adds to the maintenance burden. It would be good to see
       how much of the redundancy can be pruned, particular in the less common
       paths. (Profiling tools at the ready...). For example, why does the
       test for "Can't redefine active sort subroutine" need to occur in two
       places?


Tasks that need a knowledge of XS

       These tasks would need C knowledge, and roughly the level of knowledge
       of the perl API that comes from writing modules that use XS to inter-
       face to C.

       IPv6

       Clean this up. Check everything in core works

       shrink "GV"s, "CV"s

       By removing unused elements and careful re-ordering, the structures for
       "AV"s and "HV"s have recently been shrunk considerably. It's probable
       that the same approach would find savings in "GV"s and "CV"s, if not
       all the other larger-than-"PVMG" types.

       merge Perl_sv_2[inpu]v

       There's a lot of code shared between "Perl_sv_2iv_flags",
       "Perl_sv_2uv_flags", "Perl_sv_2nv", and "Perl_sv_2pv_flags". It would
       be interesting to see if some of it can be merged into common shared
       static functions. In particular, "Perl_sv_2uv_flags" started out as a
       cut&paste from "Perl_sv_2iv_flags" around 5.005_50 time, and it may be
       possible to replace both with a single function that returns a value or
       union which is split out by the macros in sv.h

       UTF8 caching code

       The string position/offset cache is not optional. It should be.

       Implicit Latin 1 => Unicode translation

       Conversions from byte strings to UTF-8 currently map high bit charac-
       ters to Unicode without translation (or, depending on how you look at
       it, by implicitly assuming that the byte strings are in Latin-1). As
       perl assumes the C locale by default, upgrading a string to UTF-8 may
       change the meaning of its contents regarding character classes, case
       mapping, etc.  This should probably emit a warning (at least).

       This task is incremental - even a little bit of work on it will help.

       autovivification

       Make all autovivification consistent w.r.t LVALUE/RVALUE and strict/no
       strict;

       This task is incremental - even a little bit of work on it will help.

       Unicode in Filenames

       chdir, chmod, chown, chroot, exec, glob, link, lstat, mkdir, open,
       opendir, qx, readdir, readlink, rename, rmdir, stat, symlink, sysopen,
       system, truncate, unlink, utime, -X.  All these could potentially
       accept Unicode filenames either as input or output (and in the case of
       system and qx Unicode in general, as input or output to/from the
       shell).  Whether a filesystem - an operating system pair understands
       Unicode in filenames varies.

       Known combinations that have some level of understanding include
       Microsoft NTFS, Apple HFS+ (In Mac OS 9 and X) and Apple UFS (in Mac OS
       X), NFS v4 is rumored to be Unicode, and of course Plan 9.  How to cre-
       ate Unicode filenames, what forms of Unicode are accepted and used
       (UCS-2, UTF-16, UTF-8), what (if any) is the normalization form used,
       and so on, varies.  Finding the right level of interfacing to Perl
       requires some thought.  Remember that an OS does not implicate a
       filesystem.

       (The Windows -C command flag "wide API support" has been at least tem-
       porarily retired in 5.8.1, and the -C has been repurposed, see perl-
       run.)

       Unicode in %ENV

       Currently the %ENV entries are always byte strings.

       use less 'memory'

       Investigate trade offs to switch out perl's choices on memory usage.
       Particularly perl should be able to give memory back.

       This task is incremental - even a little bit of work on it will help.

       Re-implement ":unique" in a way that is actually thread-safe

       The old implementation made bad assumptions on several levels. A good
       90% solution might be just to make ":unique" work to share the string
       buffer of SvPVs. That way large constant strings can be shared between
       ithreads, such as the configuration information in Config.

       Make tainting consistent

       Tainting would be easier to use if it didn't take documented shortcuts
       and allow taint to "leak" everywhere within an expression.

       readpipe(LIST)

       system() accepts a LIST syntax (and a PROGRAM LIST syntax) to avoid
       running a shell. readpipe() (the function behind qx//) could be simi-
       larly extended.


Tasks that need a knowledge of the interpreter

       These tasks would need C knowledge, and knowledge of how the inter-
       preter works, or a willingness to learn.

       lexical pragmas

       Document the new support for lexical pragmas in 5.9.3 and how %^H
       works.  Maybe "re", "encoding", maybe other pragmas could be made lexi-
       cal.

       Attach/detach debugger from running program

       The old perltodo notes "With "gdb", you can attach the debugger to a
       running program if you pass the process ID. It would be good to do this
       with the Perl debugger on a running Perl program, although I'm not sure
       how it would be done." ssh and screen do this with named pipes in /tmp.
       Maybe we can too.

       Constant folding

       The peephole optimiser should trap errors during constant folding, and
       give up on the folding, rather than bailing out at compile time.  It is
       quite possible that the unfoldable constant is in unreachable code, eg
       something akin to "$a = 0/0 if 0;"

       LVALUE functions for lists

       The old perltodo notes that lvalue functions don't work for list or
       hash slices. This would be good to fix.

       LVALUE functions in the debugger

       The old perltodo notes that lvalue functions don't work in the debug-
       ger. This would be good to fix.

       _ prototype character

       Study the possibility of adding a new prototype character, "_", meaning
       "this argument defaults to $_".

       state variables

       "my $foo if 0;" is deprecated, and should be replaced with "state $x =
       "initial value\n";" the syntax from Perl 6.

       @INC source filter to Filter::Simple

       The second return value from a sub in @INC can be a source filter. This
       isn't documented. It should be changed to use Filter::Simple, tested
       and documented.

       regexp optimiser optional

       The regexp optimiser is not optional. It should configurable to be, to
       allow its performance to be measured, and its bugs to be easily demon-
       strated.

       UNITCHECK

       Introduce a new special block, UNITCHECK, which is run at the end of a
       compilation unit (module, file, eval(STRING) block). This will corre-
       spond to the Perl 6 CHECK. Perl 5's CHECK cannot be changed or removed
       because the O.pm/B.pm backend framework depends on it.

       optional optimizer

       Make the peephole optimizer optional. Currently it performs two tasks
       as it walks the optree - genuine peephole optimisations, and necessary
       fixups of ops. It would be good to find an efficient way to switch out
       the optimisations whilst keeping the fixups.

       You WANT *how* many

       Currently contexts are void, scalar and list. split has a special mech-
       anism in place to pass in the number of return values wanted. It would
       be useful to have a general mechanism for this, backwards compatible
       and little speed hit.  This would allow proposals such as short cir-
       cuiting sort to be implemented as a module on CPAN.

       lexical aliases

       Allow lexical aliases (maybe via the syntax "my \$alias = \$foo".

       entersub XS vs Perl

       At the moment pp_entersub is huge, and has code to deal with entering
       both perl and XS subroutines. Subroutine implementations rarely change
       between perl and XS at run time, so investigate using 2 ops to enter
       subs (one for XS, one for perl) and swap between if a sub is redefined.

       Self ties

       self ties are currently illegal because they caused too many segfaults.
       Maybe the causes of these could be tracked down and self-ties on all
       types re- instated.

       Optimize away @_

       The old perltodo notes "Look at the "reification" code in "av.c"".

       What hooks would assertions need?

       Assertions are in the core, and work. However, assertions needed to be
       added as a core patch, rather than an XS module in ext, or a CPAN mod-
       ule, because the core has no hooks in the necessary places. It would be
       useful to investigate what hooks would need to be added to make it pos-
       sible to provide the full assertion support from a CPAN module, so that
       we aren't constraining the imagination of future CPAN authors.


Big projects

       Tasks that will get your name mentioned in the description of the
       "Highlights of 5.10"

       make ithreads more robust

       Generally make ithreads more robust. See also "iCOW"

       This task is incremental - even a little bit of work on it will help,
       and will be greatly appreciated.

       iCOW

       Sarathy and Arthur have a proposal for an improved Copy On Write which
       specifically will be able to COW new ithreads. If this can be imple-
       mented it would be a good thing.

       (?{...}) closures in regexps

       Fix (or rewrite) the implementation of the "/(?{...})/" closures.

       A re-entrant regexp engine

       This will allow the use of a regex from inside (?{ }), (??{ }) and
       (?(?{ })|) constructs.

perl v5.8.8                       2006-06-14                       PERLTODO(1)

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